I think you have a printhead that is on its way downhill. If you let the printhead electronics cool off, or rest, it will improve but a little printing and it starts to fade. Your continued tests with other cartridges appear to produce similar results.
For the same reasons why some electronic components fail for no explicable reason, something similar might be happening. Just luck of the draw and some things can and do go bad, even with the best care unfortunately. I've lost printheads as well and there was no reason why it suddenly went, but gone it did. My prior MP500 printhead on the text black printed very light gray and then went away completely..at least when it was printing light gray it was saying goodbye I think.